With the rapid development of consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage, electrochemical energystorage systems with high energy and rate densities are urgently required. Theoretically, supercapacitors (SCs) possess high power densities, but they suffer from low energy densities. In contrast, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can deliver a higher energy density; however, for their applications as versatile power sources, signifi cant enhancement in the energy and power densities of LIBs is necessary. Therefore, the development of new electrode materials with higher capacities is highly desired to replace commercially used electrode materials. Unfortunately, the electrical conductivity of most candidate materials, including transition-metal oxides (TMOs) or transition-metal fl uorides (TMFs), are intrinsically very low. Even worse, the necessary addition of inactive, insulating, and swellable polymeric binders for electrode fabrication would inevitably hinder improvements in the energy density of LIBs. Alternatively, going beyond LIB technology, rechargeable lithium–oxygen (Li-O₂ ) batteries have been widely proposed as competitive candidates due to their extremely high theoretical energy density. Unfortunately, because a complex solid–liquid–gas triphase region exists and the discharge product (lithium peroxide, Li₂O₂) is insoluble and insulating, the power density of Li–O₂ batteries is still very poor. Therefore, the development of a binder-free electrode is urgently required to simultaneously achieve rapid electronic and ionic conductivities, as well as mass and charge storage/transport; albeit, this goal is still very challenging. The above study which was conducted by Prof. ZHANG Xinbo and his team, has been published in Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 7494–7500.